I ran across this article on a blog site tonight...It is the best way to describe exactly what it's like dealing with Infantile Spasms. I remember the panic the first time I ever saw Austin have a spasm and again when the neurologists told us the diagnosis. I couldn't have described better myself how it felt and what was going through my head...For anyone who may not really understand what this disorder is or what it means for families dealing with it, I urge you to read it.
Love and Instinct by Paula Michaels, Parenting.com
This is a scary story, a cautionary tale.
It’s the kind of story that, a year ago, I would have turned away from because, after all, what did a story about a sick baby have to do with me? When Zach was born, he was perfect. His Apgars were 9.9. He was 7 pounds, 4 ounces and 21 inches long. He had fine blond hair and those murky blue infant eyes that look like the bottom of the ocean. He breastfed easily, and he grew. He did all the things he was supposed to do, at all the right times. He smiled at 7 weeks. Rolled over at 12.
When we visited Zach’s pediatrician for his once-a-month well-baby visit, her favorite word, when asked any question, was normal. She’d say it in a singsong voice. It became a joke between my husband and me. Normal, normal, normal, David and I would sing as we left her office.
I can pinpoint the day we stopped singing normal so happily: It was a weekend afternoon in early fall. We were sitting at the kitchen table, interviewing a babysitter, and I had Zach, then 6 months old, in my arms. Suddenly he flung his arms up, and his eyes rolled back slightly. It looked like something I had read about in the baby books, the “Moro reflex” common in many infants, except that he repeated the gesture a half-dozen times. Something rumbled in my gut. I called the pediatrician the next day.
“He did something strange,” I said, describing the incident.
Normal, she said. Absolutely normal. She sounded rushed. But when I got off the phone, I felt relieved. That was exactly what I’d wanted to hear. She was a top-notch pediatrician, a graduate of one of the best medical schools in the country. She was affiliated with one of the top hospitals in our city and had a burgeoning practice. If she wasn’t worried about what I had described to her, why should I be?
But the little gestures continued. Not every few hours, not even every day, but once in a while. The jerk of the arms upward. The slight roll of the eyes. And although I didn’t notice it at the time, Zach was slowing down a bit. He had stopped rolling over as much, and he seemed nowhere near ready to sit up by himself. But these are not the kinds of things that necessarily worry you as a parent. They happen slowly, incrementally. You think, My baby is tired. He’s mastered that skill, so he’s not doing it anymore. He’s a chubby baby – maybe that’s why he isn’t sitting up.
A week went by. I had a sick feeling whenever I thought about the expression on Zach’s face when these incidents would happen. I called the doctor again. This time, when she called me back and heard that I was again reporting the same thing, her voice developed an edge, so slight that I thought I might be imagining it.
“I’m really not worried about this,” she said. “Look. If he’s still doing it when he’s eight months, we’ll check into it.”
The incidents became more frequent. Every day now. In the morning, on the changing table, he would fling his arms up 10, 20 times. David and I talked about it often. We tried to figure it out. Maybe it was a delayed Moro reflex. It seemed to happen when he was tired. Babies have immature nervous systems, we’d say. We comforted ourselves and attempted to think of answers.
And then one morning, on the changing table, it happened more intensely than ever before, and I shouted to David to grab the video camera. He ran and got it and began to film Zach as his arms raised themselves in a jerky motion and his eyes fluttered backward. I called the doctor, my heart pounding. I made up an excuse because I believed she wouldn’t make time to see us for this thing I had already called her about twice in the past two weeks, something that she – without examining our baby or asking a single question – had already dismissed. I said that I wanted to bring Zach in because he was running a fever and had a cough. She couldn’t very well say no to that.
We walked into the doctor’s office armed with our camcorder. She was young, with a frenzied manner; each time we had seen her since Zach’s birth, she had walked into the office and quickly glanced down at the open chart to see who we were and what our baby’s name was. There was no sense of memory or connection. I had noticed this but had attributed it to managed care and a busy practice.
“What’s this?” she asked, eyeing the camcorder and our baby.
“We’ve videotaped those gestures,” I said, my voice shaking. I wasn’t even sure whether she remembered what I was talking about. “I want you to see it for yourself.” David turned on the camera, and he and the doctor squinted at the digital film of our baby on the small screen attached.
“That’s what you mean?” she asked, pointing. “I really think that’s nothing.”
Something in me snapped. Now I should say here that I am not a particularly forceful person. I tend to apologize for being in the way if someone pushes past me on the street. I am shy and soft-spoken. I blush easily and have been known to stammer. But at that moment, I stood up in the doctor’s office and said, “I’m not leaving here until you call a neurologist. I want Zach to be seen by a neurologist. Today.”
To this day I don’t know what possessed me. I suppose it was a kind of mother’s instinct. I’m not sure I had ever believed in it before, that old adage that mothers simply know. “I’ll see what I can do,” she said with a sigh. I suppose it was the videotape that did it. In this age of malpractice paranoia, she couldn’t afford to take the chance that something was in fact wrong, because now we were armed with proof. So David and I waited in her office for a half hour. The whole time, he held me and I wept. It was as if I already knew that something awful was happening.
We were given an appointment with a pediatric neurologist for that afternoon. There’s nothing like a hysterical mother in a pediatrician’s waiting room to make things happen. She wanted to get rid of me – and fast. We had a few hours to kill, so we walked to Gymboree and bought Zach some onesies, socks, and a fleece outfit for the winter. A week before, I had been a normal mother of a normal child who would shop for infant clothes or take my baby to the playground with the sense that all was right with the world. But now I found myself in a fog. Socks seemed poignant. The onesies made me want to cry. I started bargaining with God. Please, let it be nothing. Let there be some logical explanation, I silently pleaded.
The moment I saw the pediatric neurologist – a man in his 50s with salt-and-pepper hair and thick glasses – poke his head around the corner and motion us into his office, I knew we were in good hands. “Let’s take a look at him,” he said, laying Zach down on the examining table. And whenever in my life, whatever moment in the future I wonder whether there’s a God, I will think back to this: Zach, who had been having these episodes once or twice a day, had an episode right there on the neurologist’s table. I watched the doctor’s kind face, his eyes, and whatever glimmer of hope I’d held on to that this would be nothing faded away.
“We’re going to do an EEG this evening,” he said, calling in his nurse, arranging for a technician to come into the office after-hours.
There is a transparent veil that separates the healthy from the sick, the good life from the one that goes suddenly and terribly wrong. In any given second, that veil can open up and swallow you. Of course, most of us never think about this, because if we did, we wouldn’t get out of bed. My little family and I went through that veil, like Alice through the looking glass, on that brisk fall evening.
After Zach was taken in for his EEG, a long time went by before the doctor called us back into his office. He wasn’t smiling. He pulled his chair around to the front of his desk so that he was sitting near us.
“Well, we’ve got our answer. And it isn’t the one we’d hoped for,” he said. And then he gave us the diagnosis: infantile spasms (I.S.). Something we’d never heard of, a rare seizure disorder that affects about seven out of a million babies. The statistics were impossible to comprehend. When you find yourself on the wrong side of a statistic like that, the whole world does a spin around the moon. Gravity shifts.
“What does this mean?” asked David. I was holding Zach. His hair was greasy from the goo they use to conduct the electricity for the EEG. He was sleeping, and he looked peaceful.
“We don’t know,” answered the doctor. “We know very little about this condition.”
“What’s the worst-case scenario?” asked David.
“Brain damage,” said the doctor.
David’s face seemed to disintegrate, caving in with terror and grief.
The doctor immediately turned to treatment options. There were basically two: His first choice was Vigabatrin, a drug that had not been approved by the FDA, even though it showed quite a bit of success in stopping the seizures. The doctor recommended Vigabatrin as the first line of attack because the only other option, a steroid given by injection three times a day, was a far worse choice. He described it to us as sheer hell for the parents.
Before we even knew what was happening, his nurse was on the phone to a pharmacy in Canada, which would send us the drug by Federal Express within a couple of days. In the meantime, the nurse had also called another family in our city who had a child on Vigabatrin. The parents agreed to lend us some, and we said we’d drive by to pick it up in an hour. We pulled up to their building, one I had passed a hundred times before, and David took the elevator up to their floor, where a woman met him at the door with an envelope containing a week’s worth of the drug.
That night, Zach started taking the Vigabatrin, which was a powder we sprinkled on his food. Within two days, his seizures were almost entirely gone. Within a week, they had ceased completely.
We went online and tried to find out everything we could about infantile spasms. There have been few studies on I.S., none in this country. The most comprehensive studies were in Finland and Norway. The information was bleak.
Nearly all babies with I.S. are diagnosed between 6 months and a year. The condition itself is finite – it goes away as suddenly as it came, provided that there’s no underlying cause. But the seizures themselves cause grave problems presumably because the resulting electrical activity damages the developing infant brain. The stories I read on the web were of babies who weren’t walking or talking by age 2. Who were blind or deaf. Almost all were mentally impaired. Ninety percent of infants with I.S. suffer some sort of developmental damage, ranging from mild retardation to a complete physical breakdown.
Every night I sat at the computer, willing the Internet to give me different, more hopeful information. I could not find one single story of a complete recovery. The most I could find out was that early diagnosis – along with a quick response to the medication – is the best indicator of recovery. The sooner the disorder is caught, the more likely the seizures will not have accrued to the point where they’re injuring the brain.
A few days into this, it occurred to me that Zach’s pediatrician had never called. No phone call to see how he was doing. No phone call of commiseration, just simply to say that she was thinking of us. This was a doctor who had examined him on the day he was born and who had seen him probably ten times since then. And she just simply vanished. I suppose she was afraid we might be angry with her. I suppose she was afraid we would sue.
As I write this, it’s six months later, Zach has just turned 1, and I am a believer in miracles. Zach has been seizure-free since going on the Vigabatrin. He is crawling, pulling up, cruising, and saying “Dada” and “Mama”; he’s a smiling, perfect handful of a baby boy. He is still on the medicine, which we give him five times a day, but he will be weaned off it slowly, starting soon. His neurologist has called this a “save.” He believes that Zach is going to be one of the rare lucky ones. All underlying causes have been ruled out. Zach has had an MRI and a huge amount of blood work done. There is simply nothing wrong with him. We will never know why he got infantile spasms. There are theories ranging from the DPT vaccination to pesticides to something congenital. The truth is, nobody knows.
There are a lot of factors that have to do with Zach’s recovery – and even as I think “recovery,” I catch my breath. It will probably be years before I am truly able to rejoin the world of “normal mothers.” Will I ever sit on a park bench next to other mothers, watching our children play in the sandbox, and feel that I am one of them? I don’t know. I certainly hope so. But there will probably always be a part of me that will shiver over Zach.
He was responsive to the medicine, which was a piece of luck. And apparently we caught it early. But when I think of those two weeks when I was calling his pediatrician and listening to her dismiss my concerns – clearly she thought I was a hysterical mother, that all mothers are hysterical mothers – I am filled with rage. On the one hand, this is a rare condition, and it’s understandable that she would have deemed it unlikely that a baby in her practice would have I.S. After all, the odds are about seven in a million.
But on the other hand, Zach’s symptoms – slightly slowed development, the seizures themselves at precisely the right age for the onset – should never have been dismissed. And she dismissed them. With a wave of the hand, she nearly relegated my son to a life of pain and profound difficulty. If I saw her on the street, I don’t know what I would do.
So I am doing what I can by telling my story. Trust your instincts. If you believe something is wrong with your child, get it checked out. Don’t be polite. Make a fuss. Do whatever you need to do to be heard. Doctors do not like to make referrals. It isn’t good for their standing with their HMOs. I can only put it this plainly: If I had listened to my doctor, if I had waited until Zach was 8 months old before looking deeper into his condition, he most likely would be braindamaged. This beautiful, curious, intelligent little boy would have had his life forever compromised.
I was raised to be a good girl, to be polite and accommodating, especially to authority figures like doctors. But of all the things I have ever done in my life, the thing of which I am most proud is standing in the middle of that doctor’s waiting room with tears streaming down my face, demanding that my baby be seen by a specialist. I may have looked like a lunatic. I may have appeared to be hysterical.
But on that day, I saved my baby’s life.
Paula Michaels is a pseudonym. The writer is a novelist and an essayist.
